Depending on the stresses on the glacier, the ice crystal within it reorganized.(根據(jù)冰川上的壓力，其中的冰晶會重新組織。)

Crevasses can form in this upper layers of the glacier.(冰川的上層會形成裂縫。)

The first type of glacier flow is called: basal slip.(第一種冰川流動被稱為：基底滑動。)

Basal slip or sliding as it's often called, basically refers to the slipping or sliding of a glacier across bedrock, actually across a thin layer of water on top of the bedrock.(底部滑移，也通常被稱為滑動，大致指的是冰川在基巖上的滑動，實際上是在基巖上部的一層薄薄的水上的滑動。)

A liquid layer forms at the base of the glacier.(在冰川的底部形成了一層液體。)

Friction between the glacier and bedrock is reduced.(冰川和基巖之間的摩擦減少了。)

Surplus snowfall is essential for a glacier to develop.(過剩的降雪是冰川形成的必要條件。)

Now, speeds like that are pretty unusual, hundreds of times faster than the regular movement of glaciers, but you can actually see glacier move during these surges, though it is rare.(現(xiàn)在，這樣的速度是很不尋常的，比冰川的正常移動速度快幾百倍，但是你可以看到冰川在這些涌動中移動，雖然很少見。)

Dog Sled Camp atop Juneau Glacier in Alaska.(狗雪橇營安置在阿拉斯加的朱諾冰川的頂上。)

The forward movement, the melting at the base of the glacier where it meets the ocean, and waves and tidal action cause blocks of ice to break off and float out to sea.(冰川的向前移動，其底部與海洋接觸處的融化，還有波浪和潮汐運動，導(dǎo)致冰塊斷裂，漂浮到海上。)